DOLFINES provides a range of engineering services for the design of onshore rigs, swamp-barges and offshore rigs – including semi-submersibles, drill-ships, jack-ups, tender and top-side. We have extensive experience with studies on every phase of the rig engineering process from new construction to rig modifications and/or refurbishments. Our staff is highly specialized with expertise in detailed engineering, Front End Engineering and Design (FEED) and the development of innovative proprietary rig designs that seek cost effectiveness, operational optimization and risk minimization.The program is located in Sevastopol, Ukraine. "State Oceanarium" Research Center located at the territory of the State Nature Reserve "Feolent Cape and Kazachya Bay".
During the last 35 years of extensive work a lot of experience has been accumulated. Now these results are available for the Dolphin Assisted Therapy program participants.

Submarine

A submarine is a watercraft capable of independent operation below water. It differs from a submersible, which has only limited underwater capability. The term submarine most commonly refers to large crewed autonomous vessels; however, historically or more casually, submarine can also refer to medium sized or smaller vessels (midget submarines, wet subs), Remotely Operated Vehicles or robots. The word submarine was originally an adjective meaning "under the sea", and so consequently other uses such as "submarine engineering" or "submarine cable" may not actually refer to submarines at all. Submarine was shortened from the term "submarine boat".Submarines are referred to as "boats" for historical reasons because vessels deployed from a ship are referred to as boats. The first submarines were launched in such a manner. The English term U-boat for a German submarine comes from the German word for submarine, U-Boot, itself an abbreviation for Unterseeboot ("undersea boat").

Milky Way bigger than we thought

The Milky Way, or simply the Galaxy, is the galaxy in which the Solar System is located. It is a barred spiral galaxy that is part of the Local Group of galaxies. It is one of billions of galaxies in the observable universe.
Its name is a translation of the Latin Via Lactea, in turn translated from the Greek Γαλαξίας (Galaxias), referring to the pale band of light formed by the galactic plane as seen from Earth (see etymology of galaxy). Some sources hold that, strictly speaking, the term Milky Way should refer exclusively to the band of light that the galaxy forms in the night sky, while the galaxy should receive the full name Milky Way Galaxy, or alternatively the Galaxy.[4][5][6] However, it is unclear how widespread this convention is, and the term Milky Way is routinely used in either context.
Contents[hide]
1 Appearance from Earth
2 Size
3 Age
4 Composition and structure
4.1 Galactic center
4.2 Spiral arms
4.3 Halo
4.4 Sun's location and neighborhood
5 Environment
6 Velocity
7 History
7.1 Etymology and beliefs
7.2 Discovery
8 See also
9 References
10 Further reading
11 External links

BLACK HOLE

It is now believed that at the center of each galaxy there is a super-massive black hole that is millions to billions of times heavier than our sun. The massive black hole captures nearby stars and drags them into a swirling accretion disk. A "torus" in the inner accretion shields the black hole in those systems that are viewed edge on (which is probably the case for our galactic center). In many of these systems (which are called AGN = active galactic nucleus), a jet is ejected perpendicular to the disk and is seen in the optical and radio wavebands. In the very central regions the disk becomes so hot (tens of millions of degrees) that the emission is in the X-ray and Gamma-ray bands. This animation shows an artist's impression of the view from an approaching spaceship. Black holes are the evolutionary endpoints of stars at least 10 to 15 times as massive as the Sun. If a star that massive or larger undergoes a supernova explosion, it may leave behind a fairly massive burned out stellar remnant. With no outward forces to oppose gravitational forces, the remnant will collapse in on itself. The star eventually collapses to the point of zero volume and infinite density, creating what is known as a " singularity ". As the density increases, the path of light rays emitted from the star are bent and eventually wrapped irrevocably around the star. Any emitted photons are trapped into an orbit by the intense gravitational field; they will never leave it. Because no light escapes after the star reaches this infinite density, it is called a black hole.
But contrary to popular myth, a black hole is not a cosmic vacuum cleaner. If our Sun was suddenly replaced with a black hole of the same mass, the Earth's orbit around the Sun would be unchanged. (Of course the Earth's temperature would change, and there would be no solar wind or solar magnetic storms affecting us.) To be "sucked" into a black hole, one has to cross inside the Schwarzschild radius. At this radius, the escape speed is equal to the speed of light, and once light passes through, even it cannot escape.
The Schwarzschild radius can be calculated using the equation for escape speed:
vesc = (2GM/R)1/2For photons, or objects with no mass, we can substitute c (the speed of light) for Vesc and find the Schwarzschild radius, R, to be
R = 2GM/c2.

Jet Engine Theory

Centuries ago in 100 A.D., Hero, a Greek philosopher and mathematician, demonstrated jet power in a machine called an "aeolipile." A heated, water filled steel ball with nozzles spun as steam escaped.Over the course of the past half a century, jet-powered flight has vastly changed the way we all live. However, the basic principle of jet propulsion is neither new nor complicated.
Centuries ago in 100 A.D., Hero, a Greek philosopher and mathematician, demonstrated jet power in a machine called an "aeolipile." A heated, water filled steel ball with nozzles spun as steam escaped. Why? The principle behind this phenomenon was not fully understood until 1690 A.D. when Sir Isaac Newton in England formulated the principle of Hero's jet propulsion "aeolipile" in scientific terms. His Third Law of Motion stated: "Every action produces a reaction ... equal in force and opposite in direction."
The jet engine of today operates according to this same basic principle. Jet engines contain three common components: the compressor, the combustor, and the turbine. To this basic engine, other components may be added, including:
A nozzle to recover and direct the gas energy and possibly divert the thrust for vertical takeoff and landing as well as changing direction of aircraft flight.
An afterburneror augmentor, a long "tailpipe" behind the turbine into which additional fuel is sprayed and burned to provide additional thrust.
A thrust reverser, which blocks the gas rushing toward the rear of the engine, thus forcing the gases forward to provide additional braking of aircraft.
A fan in front of the compressor to increase thrust and reduce fuel consumption.
An additional turbine that can be utilized to drive a propeller or helicopter rotor

Rocket Principles

A rocket in its simplest form is a chamber enclosing a gas under pressure. A small opening at one end of the chamber allows the gas to escape, and in doing so provides a thrust that propels the rocket in the opposite direction. A good example of this is a balloon. Air inside a balloon is compressed by the balloon's rubber walls. The air pushes back so that the forces on each side are balanced. When the nozzle is released, air escapes through it and the balloon is propelled in the opposite direction.
With space rockets, the gas is produced by burning propellants that can be solid or liquid in form or a combination of the two.

capacitor

There are many kinds of capacitors and several popular ones are pictured here. Generally, capacitors have two leads. Some are axial leaded, like resistors, and others are radial leaded, with both leads at one end. Stompbox layouts seem to use radial leaded capacitors most often, but axial leaded are just as good. Unlike resistors, some capacitors are polarized, with positive and negative leads: the voltage across such capacitors must agree with the polarity of the leads. Take care to orient polarized capacitors correctly in a circuit.
Generally, polarized capacitors have lead markings on the casing, like a colored band of minus (negative) signs. The radial electrolytic capacitor pictured above has a black casing with a gray band and you can just see one minus sign. Note also that the negative lead is shorter than the positive lead. On axial electrolytic capacitors, arrows often point toward the negative lead. The blue capacitor shown here is an example. When the arrows are not present, note that the aluminum can (housing) shows on the negative end while the positive end has a (black) seal insulated from the housing. Often, the indentation or groove around one end of the casing is on the positive end. You can also see some of these features on the blue capacitor below.
The other capacitors pictured are mylar film (the brown and green ones above), box film (yellow), and ceramic disc (light brown).
There are many types of capacitors because there are many ways to make them and each has its advantages. There are accompanying disadvantages of course. For stompboxes, important considerations are size and effects on an audio signal. There is a lot of discussion about the latter, with many different views. I offer my interpretation of good advice for beginners below under Values.
Symbols
There are also a variety of schematic symbols for capacitors. Two popular symbols are shown here, one for non-polarized and one fdor polarized capacitors. Often, the non-polarized symbol is made into a polarized symbol by adding a plus sign to show polarity. The polarized symbol shown here does not always have its polarity marked, but the curved side is always the negative lead. There is a nice table of other capacitor schematic symbols on the Capacitor page of Wikipedia.
Capacitors are labelled with the capital letter C and a number, like C2. In the Fuzz Face schematic described in Eagle 1: Description, C1 is a polarized capacitor with its positive lead on the input. C2 is another polarized capacitor, positive lead going to ground. C3 is non-polarized. This circuit has a positive ground (note that the voltage supply has a negative symbol) and this explains the orientation of the polarized capacitors. In a negative ground circuit, they would be reversed.
The layout symbols for capacitors are ovals, boxes, circles, and the schematic symbol.